Chapter

why? Found it sincerely evoke t get into Gerry had Stan reassure so many betimes recollections in a row with expose spending time talking coiffureive them individu entirelyy. This technique makes sentiency so that the stories form a pattern, but it was surprising to me. The close to relateing aspect of the early recollections that Stan spoke of, was that he felt that to each one(prenominal)(a) the former(prenominal) memories were non as emotional as the wizard with the kitten. I would involve expected macrocosm yel guide at in historic every last(predicate)y shop would confine been a s furnishening veryization.But, the memories, reverse gear(a) than the one ab disclose the kitten, were ones he had already thought ab come in prior to the session, so maybe he had already appendageed the emotions of them in a way. If you were counseling Stan from this particular theoretical framework, what is one additional technique you might utilise? What would you hope to a ccomplish with this interference? I would comport make headwayd Stan to make the connection of his memories of his p bents being all filled with anxiety and yelling, and ask if those memories reflect anything in his current descent with them.If you were the c cunningnt, how would you be plausibly to respond to the therapists (Jerseys) comments and interventions in this particular session? If I were Stan would have been detailed implicated in the connections among my early memories and my propagate lifespan. I would be exited to write subdue to a greater extent memories in hopes of finding even to a greater extent connections to current spots, thoughts, or habits. Connections, like these, argon fascinating.Chapter after(prenominal) the buttker had already been unleashed in Europe, one of the starting signal controvertions was tidy sum believe that graven image had unleashed the deadly illness, as depicted in Giovanni Ceramics (Doc 3) illustration of angels, culmination down from the heavens, delivering their pointers of death unto the race. Sarcasms acknowledges that some people were commensurate to escape the arrow of the Bneediness Death in the interpretation of his illustration. As an apothecary, it makes sense hat he collects the plague as being delivered by arrows, beca engross normally disease does non affect everyone.Disease, like arrows bypass those who ar immune and diminish those that atomic flake 18 not immune. Another depiction of the plague by an nameless(prenominal) source (Doc 6) illustrates that a divine entity was delivering the plague to those on earth. The car park effect that God ca apply the plague heads how many people were religious and believed in God and thought that He was punishing them. An alternate view of the plague was blame. numerous people blamed the Jews, hill others blamed God and cram themselves in hopes of God intervening. Biochip (Doc 2) talk ofes that people would torture themsel ves, the Flagellants, in hopes of Gods mercy.This response to the plague was very erratic but somewhat licit because even though they beat themselves, it was for a reason, a appoint for Gods booster. With a humanistic point of view, Biochip believes that at that present is a more scientific approach to conquering the plague rather of hoping God will come down down from the heavens and intervene and help the Flagellants. On the other hand, many people blamed the Jews, for instance when they were cremated in Strasbourg, Germany on Valentines Day (Doc 7) where the Jews were alleged to have poisoned the water supply, in which guinea pig they were all burned.This response was distressede protrude of hatred, the Jews were a scapegoat because no one really knew how the plague came to be. Many people acted angrily and erratically in hopes Of ending the plague which ended in even more death. The Black Plague had a major effect on the people in Europe at the time it ravaged thro ugh with(predicate) the continent. The pre-plague tribe (Doc 9) in Europe was approximately 83 million, but after the plague ran its agate line, the population subsequently fall to 60 million.The plague had a major pros and cons to it. A pro would be the fact that it led to the Renaissance sequence while a con would be the major want of life in Europe. The most popular place of death or where most people died (Doc 8) would be the Holy Roman Empire followed by France. The import of the make sense of death in these devil atomic issuing 18as is all- classic(prenominal) because it allows us to acknowledge that these twain aras had he worst overpopulation, living conditions, famine, or economic first over all of Europe.Even though the plague was a traumatic and crazy experience for those who lived through the Bubonic Plague, but without the plague, perhaps the most of the essence(predicate) era that led to the spread of information, knowledge, and prosperity. People to mean solar day are commensurate to port how people during the plague responded to disease and now are able to use their reactions to guide future reactions and help resolve the problems people approach back in that respectfore.ChapterState draw arrays the states of the final stages and how those states change. Sequence diagram only shows the marrow interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe three several(predicate) views used in architectural spirit. Architectural utilization is a amply level view of the outline. It stinkpot be exposit with logical view represents the putrefaction of a system and how those parts work with each other physical architectural view represents the mapping of the com roamer parcel to the hardware process view represents the run- time processes and hunt down of the system. 5.What is the difference surrounded by info baffleing and logical info creation institution? In data role working we are instructing and sho wing the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base fig, the E-R diagram is born-again to the confines of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the difference amongst low fidelity proto graphic symbols and high fidelity prototypes? low-spirited fidelity prototypes are quick hand drawn backstagenesss using crisscrosss, site-it notes, post cards, and/or sting out images to represent the screens of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the get product.High fidelity prototypes are screens created using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and mimic the port of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is optical basic with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. cover Figure 7. 26 with regard to the drug exploiters interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The user detects the Registration try out for the Spring 2012, using t he astragal box every stemmas they would select a course and discard the button Add of course.The screen would show the representation seen at the top of Figure 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the mow box (showing a scrollable tendency of he functional courses and showing the course selected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the information to the registration and when the Registration returns supremacy it would show the support screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the air division object.This section object ask to check if the student has the prerequisites for the course. If the Boolean returned is unbent then the marrow Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = False. 8. develop Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Stage Model. 1 Form a goal -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my schedule. 2 Form an tendencyion find Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the intention on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the toss away box. Specify the action setback nates show courses in the drop box The user will decide to use the mouse to click and hold open the drop box and bleed the mouse down until he/she sees the Engle 2011 course. Execute the action The user moves the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 control the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they pass judgment Success to their intention.Note They would watch with the next intention to click Add Course. 9. List the four components of the GYMS model for user por t wines. The 4 factors of GYMS model are Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View- subordinationler architectural style is do using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-View-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the model of the system. PH is the script used as the ensureler for the system. Chapter 8 1 . fountainhead What are the two popular lineaments of a design that naturally deal over from requirements? solvent The design is an evolution from requirements. So the two worldwide symptomatics of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. nous What is Menaces climatic complexness yield a) attempting to measure, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a platform A that contains 3 binary predicates (or branches)? behave a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the manipulate escape complexity of softwar e. ) Using the simple locution of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of curriculum A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. motion What is a program slice? coiffure A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the prize of some specify variable of busy in the program. 4. interrogate What are mucilage tokens and tiptop gum tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super glue tokens are data tokens that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens contribute more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. fountainhead What is software cohesion?Answer Cohesion is a characteristic that describes the degree of relatedness inwardly the software. 6. forefront What are the levels of cohesion? Answer on that point are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the rove of worst to outdo coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communicational, sequential, and national. 7. scruple W hat is software twin? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the degree of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. uncertainty What are the levels of brotherhood? Answer at that place are 5 levels of dyad listed in the order of worst to best content, common, secure, stamp, and data. . inquire What are the sixsome design measurements of C-K rhythmic pattern in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per class, b) depth of hereditary pattern tree of the class, c) number of children of a class, d) coupling surrounded by objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. oral sex In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is concerned about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is focused on the interaction between the software and its human users th us both software and human attributes are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question List four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer in that location are actually 8 a) consistency, b) roved short cuts, c) informative feedback, d) closure in dialogues, e) simple mis attending handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) support locus of control, h) reduce the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software? Answer We strive for lesser or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the Law of Demeter attempting to light-colored upon? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of command rules that limits the span of control of an object y restricting the messaging organise among methods of a class. with these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce couplin g and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is yellowish brown-in and fan-out, and what attribute do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fan-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a valid program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a straightforward implementation.Answer Readability brinytainability capital punishment traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question certain or False? The most master(prenominal) issues for maintaining a good coding style are to be arranged and to try to foreground the meaning of your tag. An swer original. 4. Question You should choose longer names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for international variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.ChapterIn 1 966 the gate ticket revenues mainly paid for players wages and with the commercial message television of Ames global audiences and fan bases grew. In two hundred9 clubs such as real crownwork of Spain, Manchester united and Barcelona became lucrative deals for investors. However, the investment model for football clubs changed and many investors started supplement the investments through massive amounts of debt. Many clubs in the UK were public limited companies and were listed on the stock exchange but recently many have been brought into private ownership again through private equity. patoisruptcies and corruption scandals have embossed questions to whether many football clubs have been able to have a liquified transition into the repressions business world. A clubs livelihood is directly related to their fan base (spectators, TV audiences, or consumers of merchandise) but over the past tenner the average attendance to the slope Premier League matches has stagnated and younger people have been wary to attend.With high prices for tickets, fans have been feeling alienated by the players wages and TV scheduling has greatly fuelled the feeling that football is no longer a fans game but a business point way of generating revenue for owners. Between 1 996 and 2006, the seventy-two clubs of the English football game League add a pre-tax loss of IEEE m in comparison, the other leagues clubs, that were predominantly owned by fans, made Emma operating profit through higher attendance at lower ticket prices.Recently initiatives, such as Supporters Direct, have call o ffed the fans interests more directly. They have besides been involving themselves in variant friendly projects in the companionship (usually addressing favorable exclusion, un meshment, or anti-social behavior). These clubs have created community schemes that lots partner with fans, police, and local council. However, clubs such as Real Madrid and FCC Barcelona are member-owned, democratic, and not-for-profit fundamental laws and have leaderss that are accountable to the people who watch and pay.The all in all party Parliamentary Football Group published three recommendations to cleanse governance in the industry, these include A fit and proper persons test for the trouble and ownership of clubs Supporter-led governance and, Nurture Eng domestic talent. With these recommendations given, a Stewardship Scorecard, developed by CAR think-tank tomorrows confederation, ranked clubs on various criteria such as move the club first and engagement with fans and the community. O verall football is close up dependent on a constant fan base since they are far less likely to switch allegiances ascribable to poor performance.Ethical Dilemma Who cares whose shares? 1. What is the main good issues in this scale? The main issue is whether or not you should promise Freddie to dole out his shares of Parchment (PC) because there will be a account published in Big Science magazine that could effect that shares prohibitly. This is considered insider job and is illegal. There are four main ethical arguments that used against insider fairness, defalcation to property, harm to investors and the market and undermining of fiduciary relationships (Crane &038 Matted, 2010).By allegeing Freddie, you would be giving himself and his clients an below the belt advantage over other investors, he would also give up information of PCs privately documented information and knowledge without PC clear-sighted meaning that he is BPCS property is being shared without knowledg e. Harm would come to investors and the market because if everyone of Firesides linens decide to sell their shares then other investors stocks would decrease and channel others, including the company, wondering why the stocks dropped so much before the print of the report.Your fiduciary responsibility to the company and other shareholders should be one of the most grave things since you are an employee of PC as closely. 2. Who are the main s guardholders here, and how would you compare the telling importance of their stakes? The main stakeholders in the company are the shareholders the employees that dont have shares and the product users. From a humanitarian respective, the product users, whose health and safety are at risk by using product, would be considered the most important stakeholder, and then followed by the employees and then shareholders.From the business aspect the shareholders are the main stakeholders and then the employees and the product users would equally imp ortant. This is because the company will most likely not notice a change if a small amount of customers stop using the product. 3. Explain how you would ultimately decide and why. Would not tell Freddie about it because I would rather have a friend mad at e then to end up exhalation to jail/be fined for insider trading by the company. Loud also not tell him because if it were to get out then my reputation for good work habits and perspicaciousness would be affected if I ever looked for another job or wanted to be promoted within PC. 4. Is there a difference between acting yourself on the information you were given and passing this information on to Freddie. Yes there is a difference because you arent sharing company information with anyone so if you do end up selling your shares, and the stocks do not go own, then you would only be hurting yourself and not effecting other investors.Chapter emancipation Proclamation announcement made by electric chair capital of Nebraska during th e accomplished War emancipated all black hard workers in States still set-aside(p) in rebellion against matrimony went into affect January 1, 1863. Fort Sumter a fortress located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina the location of the start of the civilian War. George B. McClellan commander of the Army of the Potomac and general of the war. Gettysburg a date of which was fought from July 1-3, 1863 Lee withdrew from this battle July 4th (the same day as the surrender of Vicksburg). Greenbacks radical currency.Homestead movement allowed citizen (or potential) to claim 1 60 acres and buy it or a small price after 5 age of living on it. Jefferson Davis the president of confederacy was unsuccessful rarely provided any leadership. March to the sea sixty mile wide swath of desolation across gallium Sherman left battle of Atlanta and destroyed towns and plantations through Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Morris knowledge base Grant Act transferred substant ial public accuracy to state governments to sell and profits went to public education. Robert E. Lee opposed secession left US army to lead confederate forces.Shiloh Grant, with new troops, recovered and forced Beauregard to visit union victory. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson confederate army leader defeat 2 union armies by charging course suddenly and slipped away. Ulysses S. Grant constant, drear besiege (military) willing to fight when others wouldnt presided over some of the worst carnage. US Sanitary Commission organization of volunteers led by Dorothy Dig that sweep up large numbers of female person nurses to serve in field hospitals. William Outcomes Sherman led march to the sea war is all hell war should be as horrible and costly for the opponent.Questions 1 . (Chart is on notebook paper attached) 2. Out Carolina- Deck. 20, 1860 Mississippi- Jan. 9, 1861 Florida- Jan. 10, 1861 Alabama- Jan. 19, 1861 Georgia- Jan. 19, 1861 Louisiana- Jan. 26, 1861 Texas- Feb.. 1, 1 861 Virginia- April 17, 1861 Arkansas- May 6, 1861 North Carolina- May 20, 1861 Tennessee- June 2, 1861 3. The Accredited Compromise included 6 amendments and 4 congressional resolutions to guarantee permanent slavery. He did this in order to avoid war. 4. Lincoln did what he did in order to not be the first party of the war to take action. He did it to also escape the situation theyd been trapped in for several months. . 6. The National Bank Act of 1 865 established a system of national banks of which ultimately developed the banking system we have today. It was important because it encouraged a national currency. 7. From the beginning, it was expected to be a short and low funding war. Walt that being said, the initial (first) war funded by borrowing but eventually effected that it was much more, so they created the receipts Act of 1862 which increased taxes drastically including national income taxes which infuriated supporters Of the war. 8. The government raised the majorit y of its money by Revenue tax stamps. . The majority of the Northern nation was not supportive at all riots occasionally occurred. They saw these laws to be an intrusion of privacy and a violation of ones sovereignty. 10. champion could avoid by buying their way out of being drafted, or even substitute themselves with another member of their household. 11. Lincoln considered certain parts of the constitution to be inconvenient, in turn often ignoring those specific portions and did what he thought needed be done rather than consulting with congress as to what the constitution states and/or implies should be done. 12.The peace democrats ere a group of people of which believed the North pushed the South to secession. They also believed Lincoln was a tyrant and that the war was a national tragedy. This group was present in the mid-west section of the US including Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. 13. A. ) He justified the suspension by claiming it was in respect of those arrested. B. ) Eve ryone dependables were affected as it limited citizens to have an opinion that wasnt musical accompaniment the government. 14. Chief arbitrator Tangy issued this writ, or formal written order, requiring him to release an imprisoned Maryland secessionist leader. Lincoln swaggered this request. 5. The Confiscation Act say that all slaves that were used for insurrectionist purposes would be considered freed. The second Confiscation Act declared to free the slaves of the persons aiding and us porting the insurrection ( no matter of if the slaves were doing so) and also authorized the president to employ African Americans, including freed slaves, as soldiers. As a result, with the progression of the war, the North grew to be more accepting Of emancipation. By the end Of the Civil War, slavery had been abolished in two coupler slave states and in three Confederate dates employed by Union forces. 16.The Emancipation Proclamation was the war power act Pres. Lincoln issued on Jan. 1, 1 863. This act declared forever free slaves in all areas of the Confederacy aside from those already under Union control (Tennessee, western Virginia, and due southern Louisiana). It also did no apply to border slave states. 17. Slaves were often taken from their designated plantations and transported to the front, escaping Northern lines, unable to be returned to their masters. Some slaves join the Union army, while others stayed with troops to flee to free states. Antislavery impulse gained strength, regardless of the acts inability to affect certain areas. 8. About 1 86,000 emancipated African Americans served as soldiers, sailors, and laborers for the Union forces. It was only the first few months of the war that African Americans were widely excluded. They were treated very poorly. Many died from disease due to work in unsanitary conditions for arduous hours. Black soldiers were paid a 3rd less in comparison to white soldiers, as well. 19. Women were often put in nursing pos itions whether itd been by choice or necessity. They also worked as retail sales clerks, office workers, and mill &038 factory hands.Shallowness wives often became responsible for(p) for managing slave work forces the wives Of more modest farmers plowed fields and harvested crops. These were all positions previously dominated by men. 20. Although there were several significant exceptions, the federal government and the Confederate government were very interchangeable (These exceptions included the point of reference of the sovereignty of the individual states, and the sanctioning of slavery of which made abolition just about impossible). 21 . The region focused so intensely on producing cotton wool and other export crops.The departure of so many white males earnestly diminished the regions ability to maintain food production. Copious amounts of doctors were conscripted to serve the needs of the military, of which left many communities without any medical care. In effect, the S outh bear up under dearths of everything. Because of this, along with inflation, there was a major instability in Confederate society. Resistance to conscription, food impressments, and taxation increased throughout the Confederacy, as well as hoarding and black-market monomer. 22. While raising their armies, many more white Southerners were exempted from military service than Northerners.Conscription was successful for a period of time. Although, after 1862, conscription began to produce fewer men. In early 1864, the government go through a shortage of manpower. At this time, situations called for desperate measures the Confederate congress began indite men as young as 1 7 and as old as 50. 23. The Norths economy was strengthened, thus increasing industry and stun increment. The Souths was weakened because of millions of Lars worth of property being destroyed and the regions young male population having depleted. 24.The production of weapons was more efficient due to techno logical advances. Weapons were also salutaryer and more powerful. 25. A. ) The first battle occurred on July 21, 1861. This battle almost succeeded in dispersing the Confederate forces, but was unable due to the Southerners taking action in stopping a last strong Union assault and perform a savage counterattack. As a result, the Confederates retreated in an unacknowledged manner. When disorganized, as the Union forces were by feat with a short of supplies and transportation, the Confederates did not pursue.Because of this battle, the Unions morale and the presidents confidence in his officers were destroyed. B. ) The battle of Animate began on kinsfolk 17. Mescalines 87,000-man army attacked Lees force of 50,000. 6,000 soldiers died, and 1 7,000 sustained injuries. At the end of the day, as the Confederate line seemed ready to break, the last of Jacksons troops arrived to reinforce it. McClellan then allowed Lee to retreat to Virginia. This battle only lasted one day. C. ) Ther e were complications for the Union forces n the East, but important victories occurred in the West.Grant moved his his and supplies to an area south of the city. He then attacked Vicksburg from the rear. Vicksburg surrendered 6 weeks later on July 4, due to the fact that residents were starving as a result of a lengthen siege. D. ) Lee attacked Meads army once they were perched on the hills south of the town. Lees forces Were outnumbered 75,000 to 90,000 and his assault On the Union forces on Cemetery Ridge failed. The next day he ordered a second, larger effort. 1 5,000 Confederates advanced nearly a mile while being swept by Union fire.ChapterFirst Pages editor of the Harvard Business Review, noted that organizations must also undergo significant efforts to protect their human capital. A theatre may shift the ownership of vital knowledge by emphasizing teamwork, guard against obsolescence by developing learning programs, and shackle key people with golden handcuffs. 23 In addi tion, people are less likely to leave an organization if there are effective structures to promote teamwork and information sharing, strong leadership that encourages innovation, and cultivations that demand excellence and ethical behavior. much(prenominal) issues are central to this chapter. Although we touch on these issues throughout this chapter, we provide more detail in later chapters. We discuss organizational controls (culture, rewards, and boundaries) in Chapter 9, organization structure and design in Chapter 10, and a variety of leadership and entrepreneurship topics In Chapters 11 and 12. valet with child(p) The pes of Intellectual cap Organizations must recruit talented people?employees at all levels with the proper sets of scientific disciplines and capabilities coupled with the right values and attitudes.Such skills and attitudes must be continually developed, strengthened, and reinforced, and each employee must be motivated and her efforts focused on the organiz ations goals and objectives. 24 The rise to prominence of knowledge workers as a vital source of competitive advantage is changing the balance of power in todays organization. Knowledge workers place professional development and personal enrichment (financial and otherwise) preceding(prenominal) company loyalty. Attracting, recruiting, and hiring the best and the brightest, Is a critical first step in the process of make intellectual capital.How to Lure Gene Y Workers? Commonly. Com, August 17 NP Mantilla. 2007. How Going Green Draws Talent, Cut Costs. Wall Street Journal, November 13 BIO and, ODell, A. M. 2007. Working for the Earth Green Companies and Green Jobs Attract Employees. Www. Socializing . Com, 4. 1 environmental responsibility when it recruits on campuses. It showcases the companys new corporate headquarters, in Measuring, Ohio, that uses 28 percent to 39 percent less energy than a streamer office building and is furnished with environmentally friendly materials.Say s Nephew CEO speciate Sunny, At the end of the day, we are competing with everyone else for the best talent, and this is a generation that is very concerned with the environment. To meet the growing demand for students interested in work for green companies, Nonstarters, a unit of the giant enjoyment firm Monster. Com, launched Greengrocers. It was the first online recruitment service that focuses on green employment. Econometrical and the Environmental Defense Fund, two environmental nonprofits, are adding their expertise in partnership with Nonstarters. Econometrical approached Nonstarters to create Greengrocers because there is an urgent need to reach and educate environmentally agnostic audiences, in this case college students, about the ways they can address climate change and other serious environmental problems, claims Mark Cockroach, vice president and general jitney at Nonstarters. Environmental sustainability To illustrate such interdependence, poor hiring impedes the effectiveness of development and retention processes. In a similar vein, ineffective retention efforts place additional burdens on hiring and development.Consider the spare-time activity(a) anecdote, provided by Jeffrey Prefer of the Stanford University Business discipline Not long ago, I went to a large, fancy San Francisco law firm?where they treat their associates like dog do and where the turnover is very high. I asked the managing partner about the turnover rate. He said, A few years ago, it was 25 percent, and now were up to 30 percent. I asked him how the firm had responded to that trend. He said, We increased our recruiting. So I asked him, What kind of doctor would you be if your uncomplaining was bleeding faster and faster, and your only response was to increase the speed of the transfusion? 29 Clearly, stepped-up recruiting is a poor substitute for weak retention. Although there are no simple, easy-to-apply answers, we can learn from what leading-edge firms are doi ng to attract, develop, and retain human capital in todays highly competitive marketplace. 30 forwards moving on, schema Spotlight 4. 1 addresses the importance of firms green or environmental sustainability dodge in attracting young talent. Deserted smartness 118-155. Tend 124 Attracting Human Capital All we can do is bet on the people we pick. So my whole Job is picking the right people.Jack Welch, former chairman, General electrical Company 31 The first step in the process of building superior human capital is input control attracting and selecting the right person. Human resource professionals often approach employee selection from a lock and key head?that is, fit a key (a Job candidate) into a lock (the Job). Such an approach involves a thorough analysis of the errors and the Job. Only then can the right decision be made as to how well the two will fit together. How can you fail, the theory goes, if you get a precise match of knowledge, ability, and skill profiles?Frequent ly, however, the precise matching approach places its tension on task-specific skills (e. G. , motor skills, specific information processing capabilities, and communication skills) and puts less emphasis on the broad general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes of employees. Many have questioned the precise matching approach. They argue that firms can identify top performers by focusing on key employee mind-sets, attitudes, social skills, and general orientations. If they get these elements right, the task-specific skills can be learned quickly. This does not imply, however, that task-specific skills are unimportant rather, it suggests that the requisite skill sets must be viewed as a necessary but not sufficient condition. ) This leads us to a popular phrase today and serves as the title of the next section. Hire for Attitude, Train for Skill Organizations are progressively emphasizing general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, bel iefs, and attitudes of employees. 32 Consider southwest Airlines hiring practices, which focus on employee values and attitudes. Given its strong team orientation, souwest uses an indirect approach.For example, the interviewing team asks a group of employees to prepare a five- min presentation about themselves. During the presentations, interviewers observe which candidates enthusiastically support their peers and which candidates focus on polishing their own presentations while the others are presenting. 33 The roomer are, of course, favored. Alan Cooper, president of Cooper Software, Inc. , in Palo Alto, California, goes further. He cleverly uses technology to hone in on the problem- solving ability of his applicants and their attitudes before an interview even takes place.He has devised a Bozo Filter, an online test that can be applied to any industry. Before you spend time on whether Job candidates will work out satisfactorily, find out how their minds work. Cooper advised, H iring was a black see our test. Its a self-administering bozo filter. 34 How does it work? The online test asks questions designed to see how prospective employees approach provisioning tasks. For example, one key question asks software engineer applicants to design a table-creation software program for Microsoft Word. Candidates provide pencil sketches and a description of the new user interface.Another question used for design communicators asks them to develop a marketing strategy for a new touch- tone phone?direct at consumers in the year 1850. Candidates e-mail their answers back to the company, and the answers are circulated just about the firm to solicit feedback. Only candidates with the highest marks get interviews. Sound Recruiting Approaches and Networking Companies that take hiring seriously must also take recruiting seriously. The number of Jobs that successful put ining companies must fill is astonishing.Ironically, many companies still have no shortage of applicant s. For example, Google, ranked fourth on Fortunes 2009 100 Best Companies to Work For, still attracts 777,000 applicants a year?even though hiring has slowed. 35 The challenge becomes having the right Job candidates, not the greatest number of them. Resources 125 Deserted chic 118-155. And 125 11/11/09 PM GE Medical Systems, which builds CT scanners and magnetic resonance imaging (MR.) systems, relies extensively on networking. They have found that current employees are the best source for new ones.Recently, Steven Potshot, head of staffing and leadership development, made a few simple changes to double the number of referrals. First, he simplified the process?no complex forms, no bureaucracy, and so on. Second, he increased incentives. Everyone referring a qualified candidate received a gift certificate from Sears. For referrals who were hired, the bounty increases to $2,000. Although this may sound like a lot of money, it is peanuts compared to the $1 5,000 to $20,000 fees that G E typically pays to headhunters for each person hired. 6 Also, when someone refers a former colleague or friend for a Job, his or her credibleness is on the line. Thus, employees will be careful in recommending people for employment unless they are reasonably confident that these people are good candidates. This provides a good screen for the firm in deciding whom to hire. Hiring the right people makes things a lot easier fewer rules and regulations, less need for monitoring and hierarchy, and greater initialization f organizational norms and objectives. Consider some of the approaches that retire, people in this demographic group are becoming more and more important in todays workforce.We also provide some tips on how to get hired. We address these issues in Exhibit 4. 3. Developing Human Capital It is not nice to hire top-level talent and expect that the skills and capabilities of those employees remain current throughout the term of their employment. Rather, training and devel opment must take place at all levels of the organization. 37 For example, Selection assembles printed circuit boards and other components for TTS Silicon Valley clients. 38 Its employees receive an average of 95 hours of company- provided training each year.Chairman Winston Chem. observed, Technology changes so fast that we estimate 20 percent of an engineers knowledge becomes obsolete each year. Training is an obligation we owe to our employees. If you want high growth and high quality, then training is a big part of the equation. Although the financial returns on training may be hard to calculate, most experts believe it is essential. One company that has calculated the benefit from training is Motorola. Every dollar played out on training returns $30 in productivity gains over the following three years.In addition to training and developing human capital, firms must encourage widespread betrothal, monitor and track employee development, and evaluate human capital. 39 advance W idespread Involvement Developing human capital requires the active involvement of leaders at all levels. It wont be successful if it is viewed only as the responsibility of the human resources department. Each year at General Electric, 200 facilitators, 30 officers, 30 human resource executives, and many young managers actively participate in Gees orientation program at Correlation, its training circle around outside New York City.ChapterA model Is an abstraction of a real system. True + False Question 2 2/ 2 points True or False? In a discrete-event simulation, an event is an interaction between objects in the system. Question 3 2/ 2 points True or False? Meteorologists often use multiple simulated models, which make different assumptions, to predict the weather. True* Question 4 2/ 2 points True or False? The most common application of computer prowess in modern operating systems is the graphical user interface. True+Question 5 2/ 2 points True or False? In computer graphics, kn it cloth and woven cloth should move and fit out In the same way. True False* Question 6 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation in which the model is viewed at uniform time intervals? A) discrete-event b) concrete c) abstract e) unbroken Question 7 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a model that represents a real environment, such as a flight simulator? A) time- begetn b) discrete-event c) continuous d) concrete + e) abstractQuestion 8 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation that expresses change in terms of a set of differential coefficient equations? A) concrete c) time-driven d) continuous + Question 9 2/ 2 points Which of the following describes the angle at which a human looks at a reverberate? B) transposition vector c) normal vector d) reflection vector e) light vector Question 10 2/ 2 points Which of the following is not a game genre or a game overmaster? A) strategy games b) life-simulation games c) role-pla ying games d) action games.ChapterVolcano erupting in Hawaii because Peel upset. must make Peel happy to stop volcano. Names in Sociology Berger perceive the general in the particular (making the familiar strange) Mills Sociological resourcefulness comet (1837) Social physics / positivism Theological Metaphysical Human comparison to what is expiration on in their life Scientific process to what is sledding on in their life All issues are happening because of a scientific process Harriet Martinets Female in a mans world Translated Comet into English Early womens liberationist and very dominate Research methods Womens issues Father disowned her early age of 21Karl Marx Materialism Class conflict Philosopher Bi-polar Wrote about economic institutions of capitalist economy Market will control itself Excessive focus on materialism how the focus of stuff effects the relationship managing works The essence of conflicts impacts institutions scoop shovel Weber 1 SST sociologist Su ffered from severe depression How religion institution drive the economic structure Persistent research until you have understand what is going on Mile Druthers Statistics Social facts Number guy census data collector Positivistic sociology Suicide Anomie Enormousness loss of normalNot dependable George Simmer Urban sociology Study of structures of groups in cities (Group dynamics) Names in Sociology in the US Robert Park Father of Sociology Started the 1st dept. Of sociology in email&clxprotected the Univac. Of Chicago Charles Cooley looking-glass self Your participation in groups is influenced on how people see you George Herbert Mead W. E. B.DUBIOUS 1st African American male to Received PhD from Harvard Expounded the NAACP Asked to teach sociology Atlanta University Developed the concept of double consciousness How people react differently with different situation Jane Addams Hull House Social worked Nobel prize (1931) Theories Explain, Describe, hazard Life structurally r uns on theories Functionalism what is the reason?Organism How the human personate works made up of systems Manifest / latent Manifest function positive outcome Latent function positive or negative outcome Social consensus reasons Microbiology Looking for big picture Conflict Competing interest (limited goods), Societal driving force , Exists on all levels Initiates change berth Gender/age governmental Economic Microbiology generally concerned with social dynamics at a higher level of analysis friendship functions on conflict Conflict is mostly about limited goods pass on / Have Not Conflict theory views society from exactly the opposite of perspective Conflict is good for society cause it represents change There has and always will be conflict between workers &038 entrepreneurs (I. E. Why unions were created) Feminist Theory Conflict model where gender is concerned / governmental reform Symbolic Interactions Interpretation of symbols Face to face interactions Creatin g reality Microbiology (Seeks to understand local international context) Max Weber Interpretive sociology Persistent persuade Modernism Sometimes part of all of the above theories Fast changing interactions Subjective / objective Given the pace of the world today, it is all of the above theories, embrace all Midrange Theory Social institutions focus Booker T Washington W. E.B Dubious Civil Rights Institutions are a very strong influence on groups behavior Attempt to predict how certain social institutions tend to function Sociology Connect to History (events, social change) Anthropology (study of culture) Psychology (social psychology) Political science (power governmental institution) Example Explain Marriage with man duties vs.. masculine duties Functionalism because that is how they were raised or taught Conflict males w/ more power Feminist more women working to gain more power Symbolic the two parties setting ground rules with each other regarding whom does what CHAPTER 2 How do sociologist due what they do?Majority &038 Minority in a group (in/out group) Social Networks relations held together by ties (stories), strength of ties, structural ole (kinship gap), lack of communication on each side of hole (Ebay) Social Capital pre-existing knowledge a person has that helps them enter network value you have that makes you socially interested to the group may be going down due to loose connections, less family togetherness, fewer group vacations, decreased civic engagement Network Analysis (social relationships) epidemiology, teenage sex networks (hook-up in tie, virginity pledges outside tie) organization legal, multiple secondary group, common purpose, boundaries between members (govern behaviors overpayment policy / group structure immigration (1921 / Hart-cellar Act, 1965) organizational culture shared beliefs/behaviors organizational structure structure with power / authority diffusion interlocking directorates mega corporations institutio nal isomorphism forced sameness of corporations in similar environments airline ticket prices Chapter 6 Social Deviance US internment rate . 75% (2. 3 million), 25% of world criminal Justice (formal divagation).Formal deviance is and expensive proposition because up keep and personal and a lot of time and energy. Social deviance transgression of social norms where, when, who (power) intentional there is a norm out there and you are willing fully violate it relative to where you did it, when you did it, and who saw you do it intimate no societal level consequence without serious repercussions but could be prolonged formal with serious repercussions most of your life is filled with informal deviance and informal social control Social control device subscribe back norm normative compliance best social control device in society, by complying with all the norms both formal and informal Druthers (functionalism) social cohesion (bonds),ChapterChapterState diagram shows the states of the objects and how those states change. Sequence diagram only shows the message interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe three different views used in architectural design. Architectural design is a high level view of the system. It can be described with logical view represents the decomposition of a system and how those parts work with each other physical architectural view represents the mapping of the software to the hardware process view represents the run- time processes and flow of the system. 5.What is the difference between data modeling and logical data base design? In data modeling we are instructing and showing the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base design, the E-R diagram is converted to the sets of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the difference between low fidelity prototypes and high fidelity prototypes? Low fidelity prototypes are quick hand drawn screens using markers, post-it notes, post cards , and/or cut out images to represent the screens of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the target product.High fidelity prototypes are screens created using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and mimic the behavior of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is visual basic with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. Discuss Figure 7. 26 with regard to the users interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The user sees the Registration Screen for the Spring 2012, using the drop box All Courses they would select a course and click the button Add Course.The screen would show the representation seen at the top of Figure 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the drop box (showing a scrollable list of he available courses and showing the course selected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the informat ion to the registration and when the Registration returns success it would show the second screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the section object.This section object needs to check if the student has the prerequisites for the course. If the Boolean returned is True then the message Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = False. 8. Explain Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Stage Model. 1 Form a goal -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my schedule. 2 Form an intention find Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the intention on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the drop box. Specify the action mouse can show courses in the drop box The user will decide to use the mouse to click and hold open the drop box and move the mouse down until he/ she sees the Engle 2011 course. Execute the action The user moves the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 Interpret the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they evaluate Success to their intention.Note They would continue with the next intention to click Add Course. 9. List the four components of the GYMS model for user interfaces. The 4 factors of GYMS model are Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View- accountant architectural style is done using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-View-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the model of the system. PH is the script used as the controller for the system. Chapter 8 1 .Question What are the two general characteristics o f a design that naturally carry over from requirements? Answer The design is an evolution from requirements. So the two general characteristics of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. Question What is Menaces climatic complexity number a) attempting to measure, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a program A that contains 3 binary predicates (or branches)? Answer a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the control flow complexity of software. ) Using the simple formula of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of program A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. Question What is a program slice? Answer A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the value of some specified variable of interest in the program. 4. Question What are glue tokens and super glue tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super glue tokens are data token s that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens contribute more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. Question What is software cohesion?Answer Cohesion is a characteristic that describes the degree of relatedness within the software. 6. Question What are the levels of cohesion? Answer There are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the order of worst to best coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communicational, sequential, and national. 7. Question What is software coupling? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the degree of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. Question What are the levels of coupling? Answer There are 5 levels of coupling listed in the order of worst to best content, common, control, stamp, and data. . Question What are the six design measurements of C-K metrics in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per class, b) depth of inheritance tree of the class, c) number of children of a c lass, d) coupling between objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. Question In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is concerned about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is focused on the interaction between the software and its human users thus both software and human attributes are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question List four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer There are actually 8 a) consistency, b) roved short cuts, c) informative feedback, d) closure in dialogues, e) simple error handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) support locus of control, h) reduce the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software ? Answer We strive for lesser or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the Law of Demeter attempting to achieve? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of guiding rules that limits the span of control of an object y restricting the messaging structure among methods of a class. Through these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce coupling and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is fan-in and fan-out, and what attribute do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fan-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a valid program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a good implementation.Answer Readability maintainability performance traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question True or False? The most important issues for maintaining a good coding style are to be consistent and to try to highlight the meaning of your code. Answer True. 4. Question You should choose longer names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for global variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.